Few people change how the world thinks, but Ernest Rutherford, born in 1871 in Brightwater, New Zealand, did exactly that. He is remembered for discovering the nucleus at the center of the atom.
Rutherford was curious. He tested every idea with experiments, even when the results surprised everyone.
In 1895, Rutherford won a scholarship to study at Cambridge University in England. Later, in 1908, Rutherford won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Later, in 1911, Rutherford showed that every atom has a tiny, heavy center called a nucleus. Later, in 1919, Rutherford became head of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge. (Nucleus: the tiny, heavy center of an atom.)
Rutherford died in 1937. Scientists still use his picture of the atom, with a nucleus in the middle, to explain how matter is built.