3.2.6-8.M: Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device…

Hot and Cold: Particles on the Move Grade 6

Why tires go soft in winter, why sidewalks have gaps, and how a thermometer knows. Five lessons on what heating and cooling do to the particles in everything around us.

• Can you keep an ice cube frozen the longest? 60 min, plus a 40-minute wait (teach something else while the ice sits)

  A design challenge with insulation, a budget and a class leaderboard. Teams build an ice cube keeper, measure how much melted, and explain why the best designs slow down heat moving in.

Hot Stuff: Heat, Temperature and Cooling Grade 9

Does hotter always mean more heat? Why is sand too hot to stand on while the sea is cool? Why does a drink cool fastest at the start? How do you keep it hot? Four quantitative lessons with thermometers and a kitchen scale: Q = mcΔT, specific heat capacity, Newton's law of cooling and a drink-keeper design problem, with uncertainty throughout.

• How do you keep a drink hot for the longest? 90–100 min, or two periods (a 30-minute cooling run sits in the middle)

  Teams test a black can against a shiny can under a lamp to see radiation at work, then design, build and test a drink keeper on a budget that fights conduction, convection and radiation. They compare designs by the energy each one loses and decide which differences are bigger than their uncertainty.

Steppe Science: Staying Warm on the Kazakh Steppe Grades 5–6

Science and English together, for English learners (CEFR A2–B1). How does a felt yurt keep a family warm when it's −30 °C outside? Students test insulators around jars of warm water, graph the results and design a winter wall, using the real science of the Kazakh kiiz üy.

• How does a felt yurt keep a family warm at −30 °C? 60 min, or two 35-minute periods

  Science and English together, for English learners at CEFR A2–B1. Teams wrap jars of warm water in felt, cotton, foil and paper, measure how fast each one cools, and graph the class results. Then they use the evidence to design a winter wall for a kiiz üy.

Printable practice for 3.2.6-8.M

• Hot and Cold: Particles on the Move workbook included with the unit

  3 readings, 2 practice pages, 1 English-support page, 1 unit review, 1 unit test, with answer keys.

• Hot Stuff: Heat, Temperature and Cooling workbook included with the unit

  1 word wall, 1 English-support page, 1 practice page, 1 reading, 1 unit review, 1 unit test, with answer keys.

• Steppe Science: Staying Warm on the Kazakh Steppe workbook included with the unit

  2 readings, 1 word wall, 1 practice page, 1 unit test, with answer keys.

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