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Grade 5ScienceEcosystemsLesson 3 of 4Ages 10–11

Who cleans up?

Students seal bread and fruit in taped zip bags to watch mould grow without ever opening them, and bury mesh bags of dry leaves in soil to weigh what's left weeks later. They explain how decomposers break down dead things and return matter to the soil for plants to use again.

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First page of the Who cleans up? teacher guide
Decomposers at work on the forest floor: a rotting apple, a crumbling leaf, small mushrooms and an earthworm.Preview · the opening mission

Read this to the class:

Every autumn, trees drop tonnes of leaves. Every year, animals and plants die in the forest. And yet the forest floor isn't buried kilometres deep in dead stuff. Someone, or something, is cleaning up. Your team's job: catch the cleanup crew at work.

Teams of three, with three jobs that rotate: Lead (handles the materials), Timer (keeps each step moving and checks the seals), Recorder (writes and draws).

Look inside the PDF

Sample pages, stamped “preview”. The download is the clean, full lesson.

Teacher guide, page 1
Inside: the lesson steps
Student sheet, ready to copy

In the full lesson PDF

  • Predict (5–10 min)
  • Hunt (20 min)
  • Reveal (10–15 min)
  • Act (10 min)
  • Background for the teacher
  • Assessment
  • Student sheet

On the student sheet

  • My prediction
  • Mould bag log
  • Leaf bags
  • Thank-you to the cleanup crew
  • Exit ticket

US Letter, prints cleanly in black and white. The student sheet is on its own page, ready to photocopy.

Free with an account (any 3 lessons), or US$19 / C$25 for all 4 lessons in this unit.

What students show by the end

  • Records observations
  • Explains decomposers
  • Claim, evidence, reasoning

From the lesson’s rubric, which scores each one as not yet, getting there or got it.

Questions teachers ask

How long does “Who cleans up?” take?

45 min to set up, 5 min check-ins twice a week, then 30 min after 2 weeks (bread) and 20 min after 4 to 6 weeks (leaves). Group size: teams of 3.

How much prep does it need?

20 minutes: collect a grocery bag of dry fallen leaves (or ask students to bring some). Fill one tub with moist garden soil or potting mix with some garden soil mixed in. Cut mesh or tulle into squares about 25 cm (10 in) across. Check your class list for mould allergies and asthma before the lesson.

What materials do I need?

Bread from a bakery or homemade (grocery bread with preservatives moulds slowly); soft fruit; heavy zip-top freezer bags, about 1 L (1 qt); clear packing tape and a permanent marker; dry fallen leaves; mesh, tulle or netting squares, about 25 cm (10 in), and twist ties; and 3 more. Cost: about $25 for a class of 30.

Which curriculum standards does it cover?

NGSS (US): 5-LS2-1. It also matches Cambridge Primary Science, Stages 4 and 6 (not endorsed by Cambridge).

What’s in the lesson PDF?

A teacher guide that walks you through predict, hunt, reveal, act, background for the teacher and assessment, then a student sheet (“My prediction”, “Mould bag log”, “Leaf bags”, “Thank-you to the cleanup crew” and “Exit ticket”) on its own page, ready to photocopy. It’s US Letter and prints cleanly in black and white.

Can I try it for free?

Yes. A free account includes any 3 full lessons of your choice, and this can be one of them. After that, this unit is US$19 (C$25) for all 4 lessons, yours to keep, or every lesson is US$79 (C$109) a year.